In order to reduce the impact of the accelerated process of population aging on the sustainable and stable development of Economy of Chongqing's economy and society. Based on the latest seventh population census data and historical statistical yearbook data, research methods such as spatial autocorrelation and geographic detectors was applied to analyze the temporal evolution characteristics, spatial evolution characteristics, and driving factors of population aging in Chongqing over the past 20 years. The process of population aging continues to deepen. The population aging coefficient increased from 8.84% to 17.08% from 2000 to 2020, gradually moving towards a deeply aging society The aging pattern and economic development level in Chongqing show an inverted "U" shaped relationship. The high-value areas of aging have evolved from the main urban area to the northeast. Over the past 20 years, the spatial agglomeration characteristics of aging have strengthened, but the agglomeration trend has gradually slowed down The phenomenon of aging is formed by the combined effects of demographic factors and socio-economic factors. The main driving factors have changed from the level of medical services to Population momentum and birth rate, and the interaction among the influencing factors is significant. The situation of population aging in Chongqing is severe, and multiple efforts are needed to alleviate the pressure of population aging.