The ammonia-water absorption and compression solar refrigeration system scheme was proposed, operating parameters, system characteristics, performance indicators and applicable conditions of four modes (absorption refrigeration, mechanical compression refrigeration, absorption and compression combined refrigeration, absorption compression coupled refrigeration) of the system were analyzed. The conclusion shows that the absorption compression coupled refrigeration can effectively avoid the dependence of the system on the temperature of solar heat source, and there is no critical heat source temperature limit, which significantly reduces the operating costs of the refrigeration system of public buildings. The operating cost of absorption compression coupled refrigeration is 4.6%, 33.8% and 19.2% lower than that of absorption refrigeration, mechanical compression refrigeration, absorption and compression combined refrigeration respectively. The ammonia-water absorption and compression solar energy refrigeration technology has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving and strong applicability. It has broad application prospects in the field of waste heat refrigeration.