Dispatch operation is an extremely important part of measuring aviation safety level, and its workflow is multiple and comprehensive. It is also significantly influenced by human factors, resulting in a high error rate. Therefore, it is important for dispatchers to identify the risk in advance and make effective operations. In order to investigate the vulnerability of this operation system,the indicators that affect the safety of dispatching operation from three aspects were identified based on literature research and expert consultation method. DEMATAL-ISM-ANP were used to build a systematic vulnerability model of dispatch operation risk system, in order to carry out scientific and accurate risk management and improve airline safety management.The results show that there is a need to strengthen training efforts, improve regulations and improve the competency of dispatchers.