Scientific research institutions are an important component of the national scientific and technological achievements transformation system. In recent years, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of domestic scientific research institutions has entered a stage of steady development. In order to further improve the efficiency of scientific research institutions in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the practical experience of domestic typical scientific research institutions in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements for research were selected. The main characteristics were summarized and suggestions were proposed on continuously optimizing and improving the system and mechanism of scientific and technological achievements transformation in scientific research institutions, opening up the integration links of "scientific research - pilot test - industrialization" in scientific research institutions, giving all kinds of personnel in scientific research institutions sufficient incentives to carry out scientific and technological achievements transformation, and exploring various financial ways to improve the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in scientific research institutions.