Abstract:The SCP paradigm of industrial organization theory is used to analyze the market structure, market behavior and market performance of China's new energy vehicle industry.?The results show that: The pure electric market concentration, policy barriers to entry, product function and technological innovation differentiation of new energy vehicle industry are still at a low level, resulting in the frequent occurrence of vicious price competition in the industry.The scale of new energy vehicle industry is difficult to open up new markets, and the low efficiency of internal resource allocation begins to appear.?Finally,the corresponding industrial policies was put forwarded from the perspective of industrial organization theory, in order to promote the healthy and rapid development of China's new energy vehicle industry.